Introduction . Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) achieved response rates around 20% in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with 8% of patients becoming long-term survivors . Outcomes have improved with the addition of chemotherapy to immunotherapy or the combination of anti-PD (L) 1 with anti-CTLA-4 agents . Areas covered . The incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs varied across clinical trials and real-life studies . The onset of irAEs was 10 weeks . Toxic deaths from irAEs following anti-PD (L) 1 administration resulted mainly from pneumonitis . Some irAEs such as rash and thyroiditis were probably associated with better clinical outcomes, though confounding biases exist . Investigations are on-going to determine ideal biomarkers to predict the occurrence, to screen for and to diagnose irAEs . Expert opinion . Prevention, anticipation, detection, treatment and careful monitoring are the five principles that characterize our management of irAEs . Distinguishing immune-induced pneumonitis from progression, pseudo progression, hyper progression or other etiologies (COVID-19) can be particularly challenging in lung cancer due to the baseline vulnerable pulmonary function and thus requires caution and teamwork . We treat patients according to institutional and international guidelines and we only rechallenge them with ICIs after resolution of the AE and corticosteroid tapering.