COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a socioeconomic burden exhibiting respiratory illness along with unexpected neurological complications . This raised concerns about whether the observed neurological symptoms are due to direct effects on CNS or associated with the virus's systemic effect . Recent SARS-CoV-2 infection studies using human brain organoids revealed that SARS-CoV-2 targets human neurons . Human brain organoids are stem cell-derived reductionist experimental systems that have highlighted the neurotropic effects of SARS-CoV-2 . Here, we summarize the neurotoxic effects of SARS-CoV-2 using brain organoids and comprehensively discuss how brain organoids could further improve our understanding when they are fine-tuned.